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In the deprelied group, growth stunning compounds physical immaturity causing extreme degrees of pelvic contraction. In addition, anaemia, malaria endemic areas,P I H and eclamsia are highly prevalent. Intrauterine fetal growth is greatly impaired,
But the reduction in fetal size is not sufficient to avoid cephalopelvic disproportion in may cases. The danger is greatest in communities where home, and not intstitution delivery is preferred under these circumstances, obstructed labour is neglected and all forms of fetal birth trauma and maternal pelvic damage,
Including vesicovoginal fistula frequent .except for unterine rupture, which is uncommon at this age) improved nutrition and better health care can avert some of these obstric complications in immature pregnant girls inpregnancy. Anigerian study (Harrison et al.1985 a) showed that during pregnancy,
Protection against anaemia and malaria caused growth spurts in height and ensured safe childbirth for the immature girl.this indicates the possibility of enhancing the prevention of obstetric pelvic dage, e.g .vesicovaginal fistula through micronutrients supplementation and malarial chemoprophylaxis among Africa,s vulnerable populations.
Older highly porous women
The pictures built up over many years is that pregnancy outcomes in the older highly parous women is poor .in actual fact, it is poverty and lack of education that do the damage. High party is not dangerous among the wealthy and among those of poor with access to good medical care,
Although high rates of P I H occur.the situation is dangerous when high party, high child mortality and extreme poverty and deprivation are combined. Growth stunning, pelvic contraction, cephalopelvic disproportion, fetal malpresentation ,obstetric hemorrhage and uterine rupture are all frequent. Operative delivery rates rise and so do maternal and perinatal mortality rates,
Particularly stillbirth rates.anaemia is also common, firstly because of depleted nutrient stores from the effects of repeated childbearing and secondly from low nutrient intake resulting from self neglect. Poor health and poor nutrition tend to delay the menarche and cause early menopause,
thus reducing the reproductive life span by anything up to ten years, when compared with that in well -fed health populations.
MATERNAL HEIGHT
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